Background: Orthodontic treatment is being more and more adopted in the adult population. The most commonly reported adverse effects of orthodontic treatment can be both local and systemic. Hence; the present study was undertaken for assessing the effect of orthodontic treatment on oral tissues. Materials & methods: A total of 50 subjects within the age group of 10 to 25 years who were scheduled to undergo fixed orthodontic treatment were enrolled for analysis in the present study. Radiographs were taken preoperatively and radiographic records were maintained. Fixed orthodontic treatment was started and all the patients were examined after one month. Both clinical and radiographic examination of all the patients was done at follow-up and comparison was made with pre-treatment findings. Results: Mean age of the patients was 15.9 years. 38 percent of the patients belonged to the age group of 16 to 20 years. 64 percent of the patients were males while the remaining were females. Gingivitis was seen in 58 percent of the patient while alveolar bone loss was seen in 8 percent of the patients. Decalcification spots and root resorption was seen in 6 percent of the patients each while pulp stones was present in 4 percent of the patients. Conclusion: Orthodontic treatment has significant effect on oral tissues. Hence; proper emphasis on plaque control procedures prior to initial orthodontic banding should be given as it may well minimize the inflammatory lesion often found during therapy. Key words: Orthodontic treatment, Oral tissues