Background: Calcium hydroxide is the most common antimicrobial intracanal dressing used between the sessions of endodontic therapy, due to its antibacterial action and organic tissue dissolution capacity. Mechanical instrumentation with a master apical file (MAF) and copious irrigation with Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) is the most frequently described method for the removal of CH from the root canal. However, several other methods have also been proposed over the years for e.g. Using rotary nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) instruments, using a patency file, and using various devices for the agitation of an intracanal irrigating solution to increase its efficacy. Aim of the study: To compare efficacy of manual and ultrasonic technique for removal of Calcium Hydroxide medicament from root canals. Materials and methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics of Dental Institution. For the study we selected 80 extracted maxillary central incisors. Teeth with incompletely formed apex and having morphological and structural anomalies were excluded from the study. The selected teeth were immersed in sodium hypochlorite solution for 3 days to remove any organic debris. The root canals were prepared using NiTi rotary files at standardized canal length of 21 mm. during the canal preparation, the canals were irrigated using normal saline with 27 gauze needles. The smear layer was removed using NaOCl (5%) and EDTA as final irrigants. Results: The teeth were grouped into 2 groups, Group 1 and Group 2.We observed that on comparing the gray values before application and after application, there was a statistically significant difference which means after removal of CaOH2 from the canals, the canals did not attain its previous empty state. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the present study, it can be concluded that CaOH2 removal from the root canals can be effectively done with manual instrumentation and ultrasonic technique. Both the techniques are equally effective. Keywords: CaOH2 removal, ultrasonic, root canal treatment