Background: Root canal instrumentation followed by three dimensional obturation influences the success of endodontic treatment. Recently, a new filling material named Resilon was introduced. The present study was conducted with the aim of assessing and comparing the fracture resistance of teeth obturated with Gutta percha and Resilon. Materials & methods: A total of 50 freshly extracted mandibular first premolars were included in the present study. Cleaning of the extracted samples was done followed by storing in normal saline. All the specimens were divided into two groups with 25 specimens in each group as follows: Group GP: Canals were obturated with gutta percha and AH-plus sealer, and Group R: Canals obturated with Resilon points and Resilon sealer. The apical root ends were embedded individually in copper moulds with acrylic resin leaving behind the root end exposed. The blocks were mounted with the vertically aligned roots in the testing machine one at a time. Each specimen was subjected to load until the root fractured. The end point values were recorded. Results: Mean fracture load among specimens of group GP and group R was found to be 518.46 N and 793.49 N respectively. In the present study, while analysing statistically, it was seen that mean fracture load of specimens of group R was significantly higher in comparison to specimens of group GP. Conclusion: Resilon group showed significantly higher resistance to fracture in comparison to Gutta-percha group. Key words: Gutta-percha, Resilon