Background: In recent years, the use of nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary files and automated root canal devices has been increasing in endodontic treatments. The advantages of rotary NiTi instruments over hand instruments include facilitating canal preparation, preserving the shape of curved canals and producing smooth surfaces in lesser time than with manual instruments.  Aim of the study: To assess the efficacy of canal preparation and canal debridement of hand K-files and Mtwo rotary files. Materials and methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of Dentistry, Shridevi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Hospital, Tumkur, Karnataka, India. After approval of the study protocol, we selected 60 extracted first mandibular molars. Only non-carious teeth, with no signs of root resorption and absence of any structural abnormality were selected for the study. The teeth were randomly grouped into two groups, Group A and Group B with 20 teeth in each group. The instrumentation of specimens of the Group A was done using stainless steel K-files and in Group B was done using MtwoNiTi rotary files. Results: We observed that in case of both the files, score 0 had the highest frequency; however, frequency of score 0 was higher with Mtwo files as compared to K-files. The lowest frequency was seen in score 3 of canals. Conclusion: Based on the findings of present study, we conclude that MtwoNiTi rotary files were more efficient in preparation of teeth root canals.
Keywords: Rotary files, hand files, Mtwo files, K-files.

Corresponding Author: Dr. L Chandrashekar, Professor, Department of Dentistry, Shridevi Institute of Medical Science and Research Hospital Tumkur,  Karnataka, India
This article may be cited as: Kumar VK, Chandrashekar L, Shubha, LN Akshatha, HG Suhas, Thopachiche S. Assessment of the efficacy of canal preparation and canal debridement by hand K-files and Mtwo rotary files. Int J Res Health Allied Sci 2018; 4(3):48-51.