Background: A dental implant is a surgical component that interfaces with the bone of the jaw or skull to support a dental prosthesis such as a crown, bridge, denture, facial prosthesis or to act as an orthodontic anchor. The present study was undertaken for assessing risk factors for failure of dental implants. Materials & methods: A total of 50 patients were enrolled in the present study. Complete demographic details were obtained. Pre-operative assessment of all the patients was done. Only those patients were enrolled which were scheduled to undergo prosthetic rehabilitation for missing mandibular first molar. Radiographs were taken preoperatively and treatment planning was done. Hematological and biochemical analysis of all the patients was done. All the implant procedures were carried out under local anaesthesia. Follow-up was done till a time period of 1 years and prognosis of dental implants was recorded. All the results were recorded and analyzed by SPSS software. Results:36 percent of the patients and 22 percent of the patients were diabetic and hypertensive while positive smoking habit was present in 38 percent of the patients. Dental implant failure occurred in 10 percent of the patients. Diabetes and positive smoking habit were found to be independent risk factor for failure of dental implants. Conclusion: Diabetes and smoking habit were found to be significant risk factors for dental implant failure. Key words: Dental implant, Failure.