Background: Sealing the root canal system is an important step in root canal treatment for a successful outcome. Complete obliterating of root canal space with a bio-compatible, nontoxic material for providing a hermetic seal is the primary goal of endodontic therapy. Hence; the present study was undertaken for evaluating the efficacy of two different root canal obturation techniques used during root canal therapy. Materials & methods: A total of 40 freshly extracted maxillary canines were included. All the specimens were divided into two study groups as follows: Group A: Thermafil obturation technique group, and Group B: Cold lateral condensation obturation technique group. All the specimens were sectioned at the level of cement-enamel junction and root canal therapy was carried out according to their respective groups. After obturation, the teeth were cross-sectioned horizon-tally at 2 to 3 mm from apex with the help of double-sided diamond disk. Color studies of sections were taken using a Stereomicroscope at magnification of 50×. Results: Mean percentage of gutta-percha filled area among specimens of group A and group B was 99.10% and 96.37 % respectively. While analysing statistically, it was observed that mean gutta-percha filled area was significantly higher among specimens of group A. Conclusion: Thermafil obturation technique had significantly higher efficacy in comparison to cold lateral condensation obturation technique. Key words: Root canal therapy, Obturation,