Background: The present research aimed to investigate the correlation between orthodontic treatment and the well-being of the gums. Material and methods: In this study, a total of 400 participants were involved, evenly split between 200 males and 200 females. The research team examined the subjects' medical histories, recording their ages, duration of treatment, and the specific type of orthodontic intervention received. They assessed the incisor angles on lateral cephalometric X-rays both before and after orthodontic treatment. Additionally, intraoral photographs were analyzed to determine the presence of visible plaque, inflammation, or gingival recession. Results: According to the study findings, patients who underwent orthodontic treatment with functional appliances before and after treatment did not display significant differences. However, there was a notable increase in visible plaque, inflammation, and gingival recession among those who received fixed orthodontic appliances after treatment. Gingival biotype did not vary significantly between these groups. In patients who received fixed appliances in conjunction with tooth extractions, the study identified a significant association between the position of the lower incisors and the occurrence of gingival recession. Furthermore, among all the teeth, the cuspids exhibited the highest rate of gingival recession. Conclusion: The study revealed a significant increase in visible plaque and visible inflammation levels throughout the course of orthodontic treatment. Consequently, it is imperative that patients possess excellent periodontal health prior to commencing orthodontic treatment and maintain it consistently throughout the process. Furthermore, the study identified a connection between the retraction of lower incisors and the development of gingival recession. Hence, it is advisable to closely assess any shifts in lower incisor inclination during orthodontic treatment through more controlled prospective research to mitigate potential adverse effects. Given the established relationship between orthodontic therapy and gingival health, collaboration between patients, orthodontists, and periodontists during orthodontic treatment is essential.