Background: The present study was undertaken for assessing the pattern of drug resistance in sputum positive smear cases (new patients who are sputum positive during follow-up and previously treated) of pulmonary tuberculosis using Line probe assay. Materials & methods: A total of 200 patients were included in this study. Two Sputum samples from each patient were collected in sterile containers and immediately sent for AFB smear microscopy. All sputum smear positive cases with previous history of treatment with first line antituberculosis drugs were instructed to collect sputum sample in a sterile, leak proof falcon tube. The samples were immediately sent for Line Probe Assay. Pattern of drug resistance in sputum positive smear cases of pulmonary tuberculosis using Line probe assay was assessed. Results: Isoniazid (H): Sensitive, Rifampicin (R): Sensitive was found to be present in 52 percent of the patients, while R: Sensitive, H: Resistant was found to be present in 32 percent of the patients. H: Sensitive, R: Resistant was found to be present in 4 percent of the patients while H: Sensitive, R: Sensitive was found to be present in 12 percent of the patients. Conclusion: Our findings carry significant importance because there have been scarce data on the prevalence of MDRTB among pulmonary TB patients from the recent past. Since drug-resistance is a dynamic phenomenon, it is important to monitor the trend of drug-resistance periodically. Key words: Sputum positive, Pulmonary tuberculosis