Background: The decision to perform periapical surgery should be based on comprehensive examination of the patient’s dental, oral and medical conditions. In fact, however, treatment decisions are often based on the preferences and experience of the clinician. Hence; the present study was undertaken for analyzing profile of patients undergoing peri-apical surgery. Materials & methods: A total of 50 patients who underwent peri-apical surgery were enrolled. Complete demographic and clinical details of all the patients were obtained. Analysis of Radiographs was done. The factors involved in deciding to perform peri-apical surgery in this study were classified into technical, biological, and combined factors. All the results were recorded in Microsoft excel sheet and were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: Incisor was involved in 42 percent of the cases, while canine and premolars were involved in 36 percent and 22 percent of the cases. Technical reasons were responsible for peri-apical surgery in 32 percent of the patients, while biological reasons were responsible were in 44 percent of the cases. Conclusion: Incisors are the most commonly tooth to be involved in peri-apical surgery with biological reasons being the most common etiological factors for peri-apical surgery.